GWERS 9							

CYFLWYNYDD:   BASIL DAVIES

NOD:    Mynegi dymuniad  -  expressing a wish

	Geirfa

		gwario			-	to spend (money)		cynilo			-	to save
		hala (DC)		- 	to spend					buddsoddi		-	to invest
		fforddio			-	to afford					gwastraffu		-	to waste
		ennill				-	to win					breuddwydio	-	to dream
		mentro			-	to venture, dare

		arian				-	money					pres (GC)		-	money
		mordaith (b)		-	sea voyage, cruise		cyngor			-	advice
		peth				-	some						byd				-	world
		diwylliant		-	culture					diwydiant		-	industry

		i gyd				-	all							o gwmpas		-	around
		yn bendant		-	definitely

RHAN 1

	1.		Fe/Mi faswn i		-	I would			
			Fe/Mi faset ti		-	You would		
			Fe/Mi fasech chi	-	You would		

	2.	Fasech chi? /  Faset ti?		-		Would you?

			Faset ti'n cynilo'r arian?  -  Baswn.
			-  Would you save the money?  -  Yes (I would).

			Fasech chi'n gwario, gwario, gwario?  -  Na faswn.
			-  Would you send, spend, spend?  -  No (I wouldn't).

	3.	Fe/ Mi faswn i		-		I would

			Fe / Mi faswn i'n buddsoddi'r arian.
			-  I would invest the money.

	4.	Beth fasech chi'n ei wneud?	-	What would you do?

		Notice that the verb noun at the end of a Beth? question is preceded by 'ei'.
		It is not normally heard in ordinary speech, but the Soft Mutation it causes
		is heard of course.

			gwneud		-	Beth fasech chi'n (ei)_wneud?
			prynu		-	Beth faset ti'n (ei) brynu?
			mwynhau	-	Beth fasai Ann yn (ei) fwynhau?
			
			Beth yn China faset ti'n hoffi (ei) weld?
			-  What in China would you like to see?

		As a matter of interest, the same rule applies to questions which begin with 		Pwy?  Pa fath o?  Sawl?  Faint o?  - words or phrases which refer to an object.

			Pwy faset ti'n (ei) briodi?  (refers to a male)
			Pwy faset ti'n (ei) phriodi?  (refers to a female)
			Pa fath o gar fasai hi'n (ei) brynu?
			Sawl llyfr fasech chi'n (eu) prynu?
			('eu' - because it refers to the plural)

	5.		(pe) taswn i 		-	if I were to																(pe) taset ti		-	if you were to	
			(pe) tasech chi	-	if you were to

			Beth faset ti'n ei wneud 'taset ti'n ennill y pùls?
			- What would you do if you were to win the pools?

			Fe faswn i'n prynu car newydd. 
			- I'd buy a new car.

	6.	Fe/Mi fasai'n.....	-	It would be.....

			Fe fasai'n neis i ennill y pùls.
			- It would be nice to win the pools.

			Fe fasai'n hyfryd i fynd o gwmpas y byd.
			- It would be lovely to go around the world.

	7.	achos		-	  because	

			Pam faset ti'n hoffi gweld Jamaica?
			-  Why would you like to see Jamaica?

			Achos mae fy nhad yn byw yno nawr.
			-  Because my father lives there now.

	8.		wrth fy modd	- 	in my element / thrilled		
			wrth dy fodd	-	in your element / thrilled											wrth ei fodd		-	in his element / thrilled											wrth ei bodd	-	in her element / thrilled

			Fe faswn i wrth fy modd taset ti'n ennill y Loteri.
			-  I would be in my element (thrilled) if you were to win the Lottery.

RHAN 2

	1.		Fe/Mi fasai e/o		-	he would		
			Fe/Mi fasai hi		-	she would
			Fe/Mi fasen ni		-	we would	
			Fe/Mi fasen nhw	-	they would	

			Beth fasai Frank yn hofi (ei) weld?
			-  What would Frank like to see?

			Fe fasai e/o'n hoffi gweld Siapan.
			-  He would like to see Japan.

			Fasai e/o'n hoffi mynd i China   -    Basai? Na fasai.
			-  Would he like to go to China?   -   Yes / No.

			Fasai'r plant yn hoffi mynd i DisneyWorld?   -   Basen / Na fasen.
			-  Would the children like to go to DisneyWorld?   -   Yes / No.

	2.		(pe) tasai e/o		-	if he were to															(pe) tasai hi		-	if she were to	
			(pe) tasen ni		-	if we were to
			(pe) tasen nhw	-	if they were to	

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	3.		wrth ein bodd	-	in our element / thrilled
			wrth eich bodd	-	in your element / thrilled
			wrth eu bodd	- 	in their element / thrilled

RHAN 3

	1.	i gyd	-	all 

 		Note that the expression for 'all'  - 'i gyd' FOLLOWS the noun in Welsh.

			y plant i gyd		-	all the children
			y bwyd i gyd		-	all the food
			y gwaith i gyd		-	all the work
			yr wyau i gyd		-	all the eggs
			y llyfr i gyd			-	all the book
			yr arian i gyd		-	all the money

		Some learners are greatly tempted to follow the English pattern

			i gyd o'r arian  -  all of the money

		but this is not correct. The phrase 'i gyd' always follows the noun.	    	
		
			Faswn i ddim yn hala/gwario'r arian i gyd.
			- I wouldn't spend all the money.

	2.	peth 	-	some 

		'peth' is used to convey 'some' when we refer to bulk or to a mass of 				something - material which can't be split up into individual units.

			peth reis		-		some rice		peth hufen i‰	-	some icecream	
			peth tatws 	-		some potatoes	peth gwaith		-	some work
			  (mashed!)								peth amser		-	some time
			peth paent	-		some paint 		peth ofn			-	some fear	
			peth papur	-		some paper		peth llaeth		-	some milk

			Fe/Mi faswn i'n buddsoddi peth arian.
			-  I would invest some money.

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	3.	peth o'r....	-	some of the...

			Fe/Mi fasen nhw'n buddsoddi peth o'r arian.
			-  They would invest some of the money.

	4.	rhai	-	some	

		When we refer to materials which we can divide up into individual units, the 		word we use to convey 'some' is 'rhai'.

			rhai cùn		-	some dogs			rhai tatws		-	some potatoes			rhai papurau -	some papers		rhai swyddi		-	some jobs
			rhai lliwiau	-	some colours		rhai tudalennau	-	some pages				rhai dynion	-	some men 			rhai pobl			-	some people

	5.	rhai o'r...		-	some of the

			Fe/Mi fasai hi'n hoffi darllen rhai o'r papurau.
			-  She'd like to read some of the papers.	

	6.	Idiomau a dywediadau
		
			ar ben fy nigon							-	to be very comfortably off
			  (dy ddigon, ei ddigon, ei ddigon)
			  (ei digon, ein digon, eich digon)
			  (eu digon)

				Ar ™l ennill y Loteri, roedden nhw ar ben eu digon.
				-  After winning the Lottery, they were very comfortably off.
			
			byw'n fras								-	to live well

				Mae digon o bres gynnon nhw - maen nhw'n byw'n fras.
				-  They have plenty of money - they live well.

	7.	Diarhebion																						
			A chwenycho'r cyfan, a gyll y cyfan.
			- Who covets all, loses all.

			A gadwer a geir wrth raid.
			- A penny saved is a penny gained.
			  (What is saved is available in times of need).

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