Catchphrase 2001 Wythnos 36 

Week 36, Monday.  Today, you'll learn:
bydd, dosbarth nos, cyflym, cynnar, athro

Last week we started looking at the future tense. We now know how to say bydda i - (I’ll be), byddi di - (you’ll be), byddwn ni - (we’ll be), and byddwch chi - (you’ll be). Now, how do we turn ‘mae e’ and ‘mae hi’ into the future? Quite simple - the word is bydd. Bydd e - (he will be), bydd hi - (she will be). Bydd y dafarn yn brysur - (the pub will be busy).

Some new words for you today: we’ve had hwyr - (late). Cynnar - (early). Heno - (this evening). Cyflym is the word for 'quick': diod gyflym - (a quick drink). You may know the word dosbarth - (class). Dosbarth nos is 'night class’. Y wers - (the lesson). Gwersi - (lessons).  Anodd means ‘difficult’: mae Cymraeg yn anodd - (Welsh is difficult). Remember we can use the word un, which means ‘one’, also to mean ‘a one’ - like in un arall - (another one). Today you’ll also hear un bach - (a little one).  

Remember those phrases with 'ar’ as well, you’ll hear one in today’s conversation.  

In today’s action, Guto drops into the pub straight after work and finds his Welsh learner friend Linda in there.

Listen to the dialogue:
Guto - Helo, Linda. Rwyt ti yn y dafarn yn gynnar heno.
Linda - Dw i’n cael diod gyflym cyn y dosbarth nos. Mae eisiau diod arna i  - mae’r gwersi’n anodd, Guto.
Guto - Wyt ti eisiau un arall?
Linda - Nac ydw, diolch. Bydda i’n hwyr. Bydd y tiwtor yn grac.
Guto - Paid â phoeni. Dim ond un bach.
Linda - O’r gorau.

Did you hear the first phrase?  Guto tells Linda, rwyt ti yn y dafarn yn gynnar heno - (you are in the pub early this evening). Dw i’n cael diod gyflym cyn y dosbarth nos - (I’m having a quick drink before night class). Then we hear the phrase using ‘ar’ - mae eisiau diod arna i - (I need a drink). Why does she need a drink? Mae’r gwersi’n anodd - (the lessons are difficult). So Guto offers Linda another drink: Wyt ti eisiau un arall? - (Do you want another one?). Nac ydw, diolch - (no, thanks).  Bydda i’n hwyr - (I’ll be late). Bydd y tiwtor yn grac - (the tutor will be angry). Paid â phoeni - (don’t worry), says Guto. Dim ond un bach - (only a little one). Linda is persuaded: o’r gorau - (OK).  

Week 36, Tuesday.  Today, you'll learn:
rhaid i ni siarad, cartref, ymweld, llywodraeth, cost 

Remember the word rhaid? It confers a general sense of necessity on any situation: rhaid dechrau -(we’d better begin). Rhaid meddwl - (you’ve got to think). To make it more specific you can add the word ‘i’ after it. Rhaid i ni siarad - (we’ve got to talk). 

Now for some vocabulary.  We’ve heard gartref before: mae e gartref - (he’s at home). The word cartref literally means ‘home’ and is the name many people give to their houses in Wales. Henoed - (elderly people), so cartref henoed - (an old people’s home). Yn barod - (already). If you think someone is a bit daft you might call them twpsyn - (a silly thing). Ymweld is the verb ‘to visit’. In Welsh, you ymweld â rhywun - (visit someone). Rhaid ymweld â’r meddyg - (we’ve got to visit the doctor). Llywodraeth is the word for ‘government’. Y llywodraeth - (the government). You’ll also hear in today’s action the phrase ‘nid ei dy e’  - (not his house). 

Catrin raises a delicate question with Guto.

Listen to the dialogue:
Catrin - Guto, rhaid i ni siarad.
Guto - Mmm?
Catrin - Guto, rhaid rhoi Yncl Elwyn mewn cartref.
Guto - Mae e yn ei gartref e yn barod.
Catrin - Nid ei dy e, twpsyn. Mewn cartref henoed. Mae e’n ormod o waith I fi. Bydd e’n iawn mewn cartref. Byddwn ni’n gallu ymweld â fe. Bydd e’n gallu darllen ei lyfrau e. Bydd e’n gallu siarad â’i ffrindiau e.
Guto - Ond beth am y gost, Catrin?
Catrin - Bydd digon o arian gyda fe yn y banc i ddechrau. Wedyn, bydd y llywodraeth yn talu.

Did you hear what Catrin is suggesting to Guto? Rhaid i ni siarad - (we’ve got to talk). Rhaid rhoi Yncl Elwyn mewn cartref - (we’ve got to put him in a home). Guto gets the wrong end of the stick - mae e yn ei gartref e yn barod - (he’s already in his home). Nid ei dy e, twpsyn - (not his house, you silly thing). Mewn cartref henoed - (in an old people’s home). Gormod, if you remember, means ‘too much’. This mutates after yn - mae e’n ormod o waith i fi - (he’s too much work for me). Bydd e’n iawn mewn cartref - (he’ll be OK in a home). Byddwn ni’n gallu ymweld â fe - (we’ll be able to visit him). Bydd e’n gallu darllen ei lyfrau e - (he’ll be able to read his books). Bydd e’n gallu siarad â’i ffrindiau e - (he’ll be able to talk to his friends). Ond beth am y gost? - (but what about the cost?)  We now hear an example of the possessive in the future: bydd digon o arian gyda fe yn y banc - (he’ll have enough money in the bank), i ddechrau - (to begin with). Wedyn, bydd y llywodraeth yn talu - (then the government will pay). 

Week 36, Wednesday.  Today, you'll learn:
bob dydd, dwywaith y dydd, pryd o fwyd, poeth

Remember in Welsh you often use a singular verb when the subject is plural - mae’r gwersi’n anodd - (the lessons are hard). This is also the case in the future: bydd y gwersi’n anodd. When you see a word like cartref written down, there’s usually an f at the end of it. A final f, however, is ofen omitted in spoken Welsh, and you’re more likely to hear people say cartre. The f tends to sound again if there is a following vowel. Ei gartref e - (his home). 

We’ve heard the word pryd before meaning ‘when?’ in a question. The word is also used in the phrase pryd o fwyd, literally ‘a time of food’, which means 'a meal'. Poeth means hot, so pryd o fwyd poeth - (a hot meal). Dwywaith is the word for twice - dwywaith y dydd - (twice a day). Bob dydd  - (every day). 

In today’s conversation, Catrin is going to suggest to Yncl Elwyn, who has been ill, chiefly because of heavy smoking, that he might want to move into a cartref henoed - (an old people’s home). I wonder what response she’ll get?

Listen to the dialogue:
Catrin - Sut dych chi, Yncl Elwyn?
Elwyn - Dim yn ddrwg.
Catrin - ‘Dych chi eisiau mynd i gartref henoed i fyw?
Elwyn - Nac ydw!
Catrin - Bydda i’n ymweld â chi bob dydd.
Elwyn - Nac ydw!
Catrin - Byddwch chi’n cael pryd o fwyd poeth ddwywaith y dydd. Bydd eich ffrindiau chi i gyd yno gyda chi.
Elwyn - Nac ydw!
Catrin - Byddwch chi gyda’ch ffrind chi, Roger.
Elwyn - Hmm...Mae Roger yn hoffi ei sigarets e. O’r gorau.

So how is Yncl Elwyn feeling? Dim yn ddrwg - (not bad). It doesn’t sound like that, does it? ‘Dych chi eisiau mynd y gartref henoed i fyw? - (Do you want to go to an old people’s home to live?). Fyw is the mutated form of byw - (to live). Put like that, Yncl Elwyn’s response is perhaps not surprising: nac ydw! - (no I don’t!). Byddwch chi’n cael pryd o fwyd poeth ddwywaith y dydd - (you’ll get a hot meal twice a day). Bydd eich ffrindiau chi i gyd yno gyda chi - (your friends will all be there with you). Catrin is obviously not getting through to Yncl Elwyn, as he continues to say nac ydw! Then she says, byddwch chi gyda’ch ffrind chi, Roger - (you’ll be with your friend,  Roger). Mae Roger yn hoffi ei sigarets e - (Roger likes his cigarettes), Elwyn admits. A smoking companion, in other words. O’r gorau, he says - (alright).

Week 36, Thursday.  Today, you'll learn:
haul, heulog, cig oen, oer, cigydd, os gwelwch yn dda

Sut bydd y tywydd yfory? What will the weather be like tomorrow?. To find out, it might be a good idea to listen to rhagolygon y tywydd - (the weather forecast). Y tywydd is ‘the weather’. Remember that
phrase from several weeks back? It’s worth just reminding ourselves of some weather vocabulary. Glaw is ‘rain’ - bwrw glaw - (to rain). The opposite of glaw is yr haul - (the sun). Heulog is ‘sunny’. In
the sun, it’s poeth - (hot). But when the sun goes, it’s oer - (cold). 

Now for some other vocabulary. Pwys is a pound, in weight. Cig oen is that quintessentially Welsh food - lamb - literally, lamb meat.  Pwys o gig oen - (a pound of lamb). Remember that tri - three - causes a special type of mutation to the following word. Tri phwys o gig oen - (three pounds of lamb). Yn ôl is a phrase that can mean ‘according to’. Yn ôl y teledu, bydd hi’n heulog - (according to the TV it will be sunny). 

Today, Glenys, Catrin’s mother, is out shopping at y cigydd - (the butchers).

Listen to the dialogue:
Glenys - Bore da, Nigel. Tri phwys o gig oen, os gwelwch yn dda.
Cigydd - Iawn, Mrs Lloyd.
Glenys - Dydi’r tywydd ddim yn edrych yn dda.
Cigydd - Nac ydy. Mae’r haul wedi mynd. Bydd hi’n bwrw glaw yfory.
Glenys - ‘Dych chi’n meddwl?
Cigydd - Ydw. A bydd hi’n oer, yn ôl rhagolygon y tywydd.
Glenys - Brrr...

Tri phwys o gig oen, os gwelwch yn dda - (three pounds of lamb, please). Os gwelwch yn dda - the formal way of saying please. Dydi’r tywydd ddim yn edrych yn dda - (the weather doesn’t look good). Mae’r haul wedi mynd - (the sun has gone). The cigydd predicts that ‘bydd hi’n bwrw glaw yfory’ - (it will rain tomorrow). Bydd hi’n oer - (it’ll be cold, as well), yn ôl rhagolygon y tywydd - (according to the weather forecast). 

Week 36, Friday.  Today, you'll learn:
cadw, cadw cwmni i rywun, hefyd

‘Mae e’ and ‘mae hi’, as we know, mean ‘he is’ and ‘she is’. But we have also seen how you can simply use the word ‘mae’ to mean ‘there is’ or ‘there are’. Mae llawer o geir yn y garej - (there are lots of cars in the garage).

This works the same in the future.  Bydd llawer o geir yn y garej - (there will be lots of cars in the garage).  Bydd pryd o fwyd i chi - (there’ll be a meal for you). One last piece of the future jigsaw for you today. We can already say: bydda i - (I’ll be), byddi di - (you’ll be), bydd e - (he’ll be), bydd hi - (she’ll be), bydd - (there’ll be), byddwn ni - (we’ll be), byddwch chi - (you’ll be). Do you know what’s left? Yes, they will be. Byddan nhw - (they’ll be). Byddan nhw yno - (they’ll be there). 

A new verb for you today: cadw - (to keep). It’s the name of the body that looks after Welsh historic buildings. Cadw cwmni i rywun - (to keep someone company). Hefyd means ‘also’ or ‘as well’. Dw i’n hoffi cig, hefyd - (I like meat, as well). 

In today’s conversation, Catrin is still battling to persuade Yncl Elwyn to go into an old people’s home.

Listen to the dialogue:
Yncl Elwyn - O, dw i ddim eisiau mynd i gartref henoed.
Catrin - Twt lol, byddwch chi’n iawn yno.
Yncl Elwyn - Dw i eisiau aros yn fy nghartref i.
Catrin - Bydd eich ffrindiau i gyd yno. Byddan nhw’n chwarae cardiau gyda chi bob dydd. Byddan nhw’n cadw cwmni i chi. Bydd bwyd neis, hefyd.
Yncl Elwyn - Ond dw i’n hoffi dy fwyd di.
Catrin - Byddwch chi’n cael cig oen dwywaith yr wythnos.
Yncl Elwyn - Mmm... Dw i’n hoffi cig oen.

Dw i ddim eisiau mynd i gartref henoed - (I don’t want to go into an old people’s home). What is Catrin’s response? Twt lol - (nonsense). Byddwch chi’n iawn yno - (you’ll be fine there). Dw i eisiau aros yn fy nghartref i - (I want to stay in my home). Bydd eich ffrindiau i gyd yno - (all your friends will be there). Byddan nhw’n chwarae cardiau gyda chi bob dydd - (they’ll play cards with you every day). Byddan nhw’n cadw cwmni i chi - (they’ll keep you company). Bydd bwyd neis, hefyd - (there’ll be nice food, as well). Byddwch chi’n cael cig oen dwywaith yr wythnos - (you’ll have lamb twice a week). That seems to make Yncl Elwyn think.