Anya kudan zuma na da hadari kuwa?

Rahotannin kafafen yada labarai da fina-finai marassa kyau za su iya sa ka dauka sojan kudan zuma mugu ne, maras tausayi kuma mai sha'awar kisa. Ba shakka yana da hadari to amma ba shi da nufin ya kai ma hari.

Henry Nicholls ya yi mana nazari.

Yadda ake daukarsa: Ana daukar sojin kudan zuma wani kato ne kuma yana dauke da guba mai hadari.

Ainahin yadda yake: A zahirin gaskiya sojin kudan zuma kanana ne, ba su kai ainahin kudan da ke saka zumar ba. Haka kuma gubarsa ba ta da karfi sosai. Suna da fada amma ba a tsibirin Puerto Rico ba.

Labarin sojin kudan zuma abu ne kamar kirkirarran labarin kimiyya.

Shi kudan zuma na nahiyar Afrika ya dan fi dan uwansa na Turai, kuma ainahin gaskiya gubar da yake dauke da ita ba ta da karfi sosai.

A shekarar 1956, wani masanin kimiyya na kasar Brazil da ake kira Warwick Kerr ya shigar da kudan zuma na Afrika nahiyar Latin Amurka (Amurka ta Kudu) da niyyar samar da nau'in da zai fi samar da zuma sosai.

Wasu daga cikinsu, sun gudu, inda suka hadu da jinsinsu na nahiyar Turai da ke daji, suka samar da wani nau'i na daban.

Wadannan kudajen zuma sai suka fara bazuwa, inda zuwa shekarar 1985, suka yadu har zuwa kasar Mexico.

A shekara ta 2014, masu bincike da suke nazarin bazuwar sabbin nau'ukan da auren na kudan zumar Afrikan da na Turai ya samar a fadin California sun gano cewa sun kai har San Francisco ta Amurka.

A farkon wannan kutse ne, shi nau'in kudan zumar na Afrika ya samu lakabin ''zuma mai kisa'', abin da ya sanya tsoro sosai a zukuta wanda kuma wasu fina-finai marassa kyau suka kara wannan fargaba.

Abin da ire-iren wadannan fina-finai suke yadawa ba shi ne ainahin gaskiyar yadda kudan zuman yake ba.

Da farko dai shi kudan zuma na Afrika bai kai girman danginsa na Turai ba sosai, saboda haka gubar da yake dauke da ita kadan ce.

A don haka yadda ake daukar gubar tasa lamarin ba haka yake ba, ba ta da hadari sosai.

Hadarin wannan kudan zuma dai shi ne, yadda yake kare gidansa (amya).

''Kudan zuma na Afrika yana da saurin mayar da martani idan aka kawo wa al'ummarsa hari ko aka dame su a gidansu.

Kuma gungunsu ne zai mayar da martanin, da harbi mai tsanani,'' kamar yadda masu bincike suka ayyana a shekarar 1982

Sannan wasu nazarce-nazarce da aka yi bayan wannan ma sun tabbatar da hakan.

Wannan mummunan martani mai tsanani da kudan zamu na Afrika yake mayarwa a duk lokacin da aka damu gidansa, ya taimaka wajen bayyana yadda abin da ya sa kudan ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwar tarin daruruwan mutane a shekaru 50 da suka gabata.

Idan jikin mutum bai mayar da martani na kariya ba, sai an samu harbin zuma kusan 1000 kafin gubar ta kai yawan da za ta iya illa ga jikin babban mutum.

Kudan zuma na nahiyar Turai ba kasafai yake da fada haka ba, kamar na Afrikan.

Duk da wannan fada da zuman na Afrika yake da shi, bai dace ba a rika kiransa da ''kuda mai kisa'' in ji Bert Rivera-Marchand, masanin ilimin kwari a jami'ar Interamerica ta Puerto Rico a Bayamon.

Yace, '' lakabin yana nuna cewa ba abin da kudan yake yi sai kisa kawai, alhalin kuwa kare gidansa ko al'ummarsa yake yi,'' in ji Rivera-Marchand.

''Duk yadda tarin kudan zuma yake da karfin kare kansa, idan suna kiwo a fili ba sa kai hari, haka kuma idan suna yawo ma ba a ganin suna kai farmaki.''

Haka kuma Rivera-Marchand ya gano cewa kudan zuman Afrika da aka yi safara zuwa yankin Latin Amurka, a tsibirin Puerto Rico, inda aka fara ganinsa a 1994 an lura ya rage fada sosai wajen kare kai.

A kasidar da aka wallafa a 2012, masanin da abokan bincikensa sun nuna yadda kudan zuma na tsibirin Puerto Rico ba su da saurin harbi.

Kuma ma ba kasafai suke harbin ba, idan aka kwatanta su da 'yan uwansu na asalin Afrika da su ma suke nahiyar.

Sojin kudan zumar na Puerto Rico yana dabi'a ne kusan kamar kudan zuma na Turai.

Kwayoyin halittar wadannan kudan zuma da ba su da fada ko shakka babu suna da alaka da kudan zuma na Afrika.

Amma kuma duk da haka a cikin kasa da shekara 20 sun rasa wannan karsashin kariyar da muke gani a tare da sojin kudan zuma.

''Masu noman zuma na Puerto Rico, suna amfani da nau'in kudan zuma na Afrika, wanda ya watsu a nahiyar a gonakinsu, kuma babu wani kuka da suke yi game da fadansa,'' in ji Rivera-Marchand.

Idan kana son karanta wannan a harshen Ingilishi latsa nan <link type="page"><caption> Are "killer" Africanized bees really that dangerous?</caption><url href="http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20151123-are-killer-africanized-bees-really-that-dangerous" platform="highweb"/></link>